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Nettverk Software Protocol Hierarchies
Lag, protokoller og grensesnitt
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Protocol Hierarchies (3)
Eksempel på informasjonsflyten med en protokoll på lag 5.
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Design Issues for the Layers
Addressing Slik at datapakka kommer fram til riktig mottager Error Control Feilkontroll, slik at systemet oppdager bit-feil i datapakka Flow Control Flytkontroll, slik at mottager klarer å ”svelge unna” data som kommer Multiplexing Multipleksing, slik at flere kan dele samme kommunikasjonslinje Routing Ruting, slik at data går riktig vei igjennom et nettverk
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Connection-Oriented and Connectionless Services
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Service Primitives Fem service primitives for implementering av en enkel forbindelsesorientert tjeneste (connection-oriented service).
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Service Primitives (2) Packets sent in a simple client-server interaction on a connection-oriented network.
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Services to Protocols Relationship
The relationship between a service and a protocol.
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Reference Models The OSI Reference Model The TCP/IP Reference Model
A Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP A Critique of the OSI Model and Protocols A Critique of the TCP/IP Reference Model
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The OSI reference model.
Reference Models The OSI reference model.
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Reference Models (2) The TCP/IP reference model.
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Reference Models (3) Protocols and networks in the TCP/IP model initially.
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Comparing OSI and TCP/IP Models
Concepts central to the OSI model Services Interfaces Protocols
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A Critique of the OSI Model and Protocols
Why OSI did not take over the world Bad timing Bad technology Bad implementations Bad politics
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Bad Timing The apocalypse of the two elephants.
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A Critique of the TCP/IP Reference Model
Problems: Service, interface, and protocol not distinguished Not a general model Host-to-network “layer” not really a layer No mention of physical and data link layers Minor protocols deeply entrenched, hard to replace
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Hybrid Model The hybrid reference model to be used in this book.
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Internet Usage Traditional applications (1970 – 1990) E-mail News
Remote login File transfer
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Architecture of the Internet
Overview of the Internet.
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Ethernet Architecture of the original Ethernet.
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Wireless LANs (a) Wireless networking with a base station.
(b) Ad hoc networking.
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Wireless LANs (2) The range of a single radio may not cover the entire system.
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Wireless LANs (3) A multicell network.
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Network Standardization
Who’s Who in the Telecommunications World Who’s Who in the International Standards World Who’s Who in the Internet Standards World
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ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
Main sectors Radiocommunications (ITU-R) Telecommunications Standardization (ITU-T) CCITT Development (ITU-D) Classes of Members National governments Sector members Associate members Regulatory agencies
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IEEE 802 Standards The 802 working groups. The important ones are marked with *. The ones marked with are hibernating. The one marked with † gave up.
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Metric Units The principal metric prefixes.
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